Question Words

DOko where
DŌyatte how
Itsu when
NAni what
NAze why
DAre who
dochira which

Dorehodo ikura How much?
Ikutsu desu ka How many?

... wa doko desu ka. Where is ....?
Doko desu ka. Where is/are you/he/she/it?

Numbers

0 ZEro, rei
1 iCHI
2 ni
3 san
4 shi, yon
5 go
6 roku
7 shiCHI, NAna
8 haCHI
9 kyū, ku
10 jū

100 hyaku
1000 sen
1,000,000 hyaKUman

Numbers above 10:
11 jū-iCHi (10 + 1)
20 ni-jū (2 + 10)
64 roku-jū-yon ( 6 + 10 + 4 )
The same pattern repeats

Colors

Note: uppercase letters represent a raise in pitch, not stress

midori
hai iro
chaIro
kuROi
aO
shiRO
muRAsaki
oRENji
aKAi
KII
PINku

... desu. It is ...

Pronunciation 2

Double Vowels:
Hold the vowel sound longer
ex. Tōkyō O sound is held longer
(can be indicated by a macron, circumflex, the vowel written twice, or a 'u' after the vowel)

Double consanants
Hold sound longer, or pronounce sound twice
ex. yukkuri

**It is very imporatnt to pronounce these, it could change the meaning of the word!!**

Y between a consanant and vowel:
the y acts as a glide: all one syllable
ex Kyu like the cu in "cute"
Tōkyō is NOT pronounced To-Ki-o

Pronunciation

Vowels:
a; ah as in father
i: ee as in see
u: oo as in too
e: eh as in pen
o : oh as in no
*Similar to Spanish pronunciation
Consanants
Same as English except
R: sounds like an L or sometimes a D
G: sometimes pronounced NG as in ring
F: sounds like an H